Pinene ozonid.



W. J. KNOX.

PINBNE OZONID. PPLmATIoN'rILED MAY 12, 1910.

1,86-,372. Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

" UNITED STATES PATENT oFF1cE.-

WILLIAM JOHN z KNOX, F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIG-NOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO KNOX TERPEZONE GONPAN Y OF AMERICA, .A CORPORATION OF 'WEST VIRGINIA.

PmENE ozoNID.

Y nosaeta.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Feb., 10, 1914 To all lwhom 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JOHN KNOX,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, borough of Man- 5 hatt-an, in the` county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pinene Ozonid; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. v

My invention relates to that vclass of chemical compounds knownas ozonids, or compounds containing the ozone molecule in direct combination.

The object of the present invention is the production of such an ozonid but in asuspended or vaporous state. Hitherto such ozonids as have been produced have been either in the liquid or solid state.

'In the present state of the art the known kantiseptic or germicidal gases or vapors are of the nature of formaldehyde, sulfur-ous anhydrid, or chlorin, and are all either poisonous, caustic or highly irritating to the mucous membranes, and are not respirable excepting in extremely minute quantities; and the further object of this invention is, therefore to produce a vaporous ozonid or an ozonid in `a suspended state that, when' used as a germicide, will be non-poisonous, and non-irritating when inhaled evenl in a highly concentrated form.

Theinventor has discovered that turpenltine or-pinene, the structural formula of which is,-

, two gases before uniting when in the form of a vapor will unite directly with ozone,

`H/ CE1 C-CHa 6 5 B2C f C I or acpolymer thereof and which is a true ozonl and is a. vaporfor gas.

This new compound is the simple, direct chemical union of pinene vapor and ozone. There are no by-products or intermediate products. The ozone does not split up into molecular oxygen, O2, and O, and the latter uniting with the pinene, but unites wholly in the manner described.

The manner of manufacture is to ozonize air or oxygen by any well-known means and to pass this mixture containing ozone into admixture with the vapor of pinene.- The are invisible but on admixture form a vislble white or bluish white vapor'. This vapor can be carried through long tubes without condensation but when discharged into the free air, on account of its high vapor tension, diliz'uses and becomes invisible.

The vapor consists of extremely fine solid particles in suspension, so fine that they will not settle upon a surface even when carried for long periods of time through long tubes, and this fact has been determined by 95 employing glass tubing to convey it.

The germicidal power of the vapor has bn established by a long series of bacteriological tests. For eXample,-it has been .found that cultures of Bacillus stapkylococcus, B. Streptococcus, and B. coli when exposed as suspensions on glass rods to small quantities of the vapor, are invariably killed in between thirty minutes and one hour.

The non-poisonous and non-irritating character of the vapor has been determined by inhaling it continuously in concentrated form for long periods of time. The physiological effect is Aone of salubrity and buoyancy. The vapor does not showV the' prescncc of ozone either by breathing or by chemical test and the presence of pinene vapor has not been detected. Theodor is neithercthat of pinene nor ozone but is that of a ine balsam. Y

It las not been found necessary to heat the pinene to cause its volatilization, as Ythe excess of free oxygen and nitrogen in passing over its surface causes an increase orv decrease in the rate of evaporation and hence regulates the quantity of pinene'vapor in accordance withV the amount of ozone passing.

I wish to call especial attention to the fact that the pinene is first vaporized before it is intermingled with the ozone. The inventor believes that this method. of forming ,an ozonid vapor by first converting a liquid into the form of vapor and then acting upon this vapor by intermlngling with it ozone .or intermingling ozone and a vapor pinene vaporizing vessel; E is an ozone thus formed is new. The preferable method employed by me may be described in connection with the dia.

grammatic plan of the apparatus shown in the accompanying drawing in which- A is afan blowerfor forcing air through the apparatus; B is an electric motor for driving the fan A; C is a vessel containing fused calcium chlorid or slaked` lime forextracting the moisture from the air; D is a generating device; F is a vessel in which the ozone as and the pinene vapor intermingle ancombinmand G is an electrical transformer in which a lowA voltage electric current is raised or stepped up to a higher voltage suitable for operating the ozone-generating device E. As an alternatingcurrent is required, it is further necessary, if the current available is of the directl type, to interpose in the line a rotary converter or dynamotor I whereby the direct current may be changed into an alternating current.

Air is propelled by the electrically driven fan A through the air-drying vessel C whereby the moisture in the air is extracted. This dried air is then caused to pass by means ofa pipe or other conduit c vessel D, and also by another pipe or conduit c to the ozone-generating device E. Theamount of air vaporizing chamber may be regulated by to the pissing into the pinene means of a suitableivalve J in pipe c. The area of the surface of pinenein chamber D is such; that is, so large, that, even when the' maximum amount of dry air is passed over its surface, an approximately saturated temperature will result. In consequence of this uniform saturation, the quantity of pinene evaporated is a direct functionA of the amount of air allowed to' pass through the nating current, such as the ordinary 110 volt lighting current, to a high4 voltage alternating current. The inventor has found the best voltage to be 8,000 to 10,000 volts. Where the service current at hand is a direct current, it is necessary to interpose a rotatingl converting machine I or dynamotor to change such current into the interrupted or alternating. type. The resulting ozonized air from the ozone-generating device E and the dry saturated pinene vapor from the pinene vaporizing vessel D are now conducted by means of the respective pipes or conduits D and D to a vessel F. This vessel F is made preferably of zinc, aluminum or block tin, and is divided into passages or partitions whereby ,the two streams of Aair carrying, respectively, ozone gas and pinene vapor will be brought into intimate admixture and thoroughly diffuse and in' termingle.v

The ozonized air and the pinene saturated air are eachcolorless or invisible, but, when intermingled, at once unite and form a dry opaque white product, which consists of molecularly fine suspended particles of a solid pinene ozonid. This pinene ozonid cloud, when in movingair, or the air of a room, iows and diffuses freely, but, if passed 4into' a closed vessel and allowed to remain quiescent, will slowly subside or settle, leaving a clear space above it. In the atmosphere of a room, even when the terpezone has -be conducted by pipes toa distance..

n until Vthe resulting pinene ozonid does not show any, or an appreciable amount of free ozone by a chemical test, such as potassium iodid and starch aper. The temperature of the reaction is that of the atmosphere.

I do not claim herein the process of producing gaseous ozonids broadly, having made such subject-matter the basis of a separate application filed by me December 2, 1911, Serial No. 663,602, and I also do not claim herein the apparatus for producing gaseous ozonds illustrated herein diagrammatically, having made the same the subject-matter of a separate application led March 11, 1912, Serial No. 683,118.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim asv new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

An inhalable germicidal compound consisting of a direct addition product of vapor of pinene and ozone having the formula N l EL, MF CL,

WILLIAM JOHN KNOX.

Witnesses:

M. E. MGNiNcH, C. G. HEYLMUN. 

